Skip to main content

Eye Matters

Intraocular pressure---Glaucoma

 As new aqueous flows into your eye, balancing amount should drain out. This process maintains pressure in your eye balanced. But if the fluid builds up because of several reasons, pressure inside the eye called introcular pressure increases resulting in the optic nerve damage. 

 Glaucoma medications:
Prostaglandin analogs increase the drainage of fluid from the eye. These include:

 1. Xalatan® (latanoprost), 
2. Travatan Z® (Travoprost), 
3. Lumigan® (bimatoprost), and 
4. Zioptan™ (tafluprost). 

 Beta blockers such as timolol are the second most often used class of medications that work by decreasing production of fluid. 

 Alpha agonists decreases production of fluid and increases drainage.

 1. [Alphagan®P (brimonidine), Iopidine®] 
2. Alphagan P has a purite preservative that breaks down into natural tear components and may be better tolerated in patients allergic to preservatives.

 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) decrease the production of intraocular fluid. These are available as 
Eye drops 
1. Trusopt® (dorzolamide), 
2. Azopt® (brinzolamide)] 

 Oral capsules:
1. Diamox (acetazolamide) and
2. Neptazane® (methazolamide). 
Except for Azopt, all CAIs are available in generic form.

 Combined medications are available for patients who need more than one type of medication. 1. Cosopt® contains a combination of a beta blocker (timolol) and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (dorzolamide) and is available in generic form and also as a preservative-free formulation (Cosopt® PF). 

 2. Combigan® an alpha agonist (brimonidine) with a beta blocker (timolol). Simbrinza® is a beta blocker-free combination medication, It has brinzolamide and brimonidine.
Point 1: 

 Travoprost (0.0015% and 0.004%), a highly selective, potent prostaglandin F receptor agonist, is equal or superior to latanoprost and superior to timolol in lowering intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In addition, travoprost 0.004% is significantly better than either latanoprost or timolol in lowering intraocular pressure in black patients. Travoprost is safe and generally well tolerated in the studied patient population. ( 2001 Oct;132(4):472-84.)

 Point 2: 

 Mean IOP changes from baseline for travoprost 0.004% and latanoprost 0.005%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination were not significantly different at follow-up in these patients. Both medications were well tolerated. ( 2006 Mar;28(3):332-9.)

Comments

  1. Aspire Behavioral HealthOctober 1, 2021 at 12:39 AM

    I am heartily thankful to you for sharing this best knowledge. This information is helpful for everyone. So please always share this kind of knowledge. Thanks once again for sharing it. Mental health services in Madera, CA

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Mounjaro, Is it a game changer for weight loss and diabetes?

  MOUNJARO™ ( Tirzepatide) was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2022 WEIGHT LOSS: (Not approved by FDA for weight loss) Eli Lilly and Company is  finalizing an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for fast-track approval to sell tirzepatide for chronic weight management. MOUNJARO™ is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated in adults for type 2 diabetes mellitus management. CONTRAINDICATIONS Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2  Known serious all to tirzepatide or any of the excipients in MOUNJARO                                                                    ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Thyroid health- Quality of Life

  Let's get a TSH blood test for our family and friends Normal serum TSH ranges are higher in the  people age 70 to 80 years ; based on this, higher serum TSH goals may be needed as a patient ages.  The American Thyroid Association (ATA) suggests raising the target serum TSH to 4-6 m IU/L for 70 years-old and up The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped hormone-producing gland located at the front of the neck. The thyroid gland secretes two main hormones:  thyroxine (T-4) and triiodothyronine (T-3).   These hormones regulate energy levels, metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates, body temperature, heart rate.  Hypothyroidism happens when the underactive thyroid gland doesn't make enough hormones. Hypothyroidism affects up to 10% of the general population (5% undiagnosed) . A n autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's diseas e where our body  makes antibodies that attack healthy thyroid tissues  is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in soc...
Post a Comment
Read more

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ---cough

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in young children. Recent RSV strain in Utah is  causing moderate to severe cough (especially during night), weakness and cold-like symptoms .  RSV infection is sometimes severe and is associated with hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, long-term complications, decreased quality of life, loss of work productivity and patient/caregiver stress.  RSV may cause inflammation and infection of small airways and lungs.  Recovery time usually ranges from 7 to 14 days, but RSV can cause serious disease. RSV combined with increasing flu circulation are keeping some hospitals and pharmacies occupied.  Seventeen states are reporting that more than 80% of beds are full, according to the data. Children’s hospitals in Utah, Arizona, the District of Columbia, Maine, Minnesota, Rhode Island, and Kentucky are almost completely at capacity. RSV can spread when viral droplets from a ...
Post a Comment
Read more