Real Time Pharmacology

  Science is based on hypothesis and testing to confirm the hypothesis.  Increasing barriers of transmission is very important to stop the spread of an infection.  Mutations are common for viruses and effects of most mutations and not clear.  Changes in the spike protein may have effects on severity of disease, transmission and antibody and vaccine interaction.  Real effects need to be studied and confirmed.

  CoronaVac is an inactivated vaccine candidate against COVID-19, created from African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells) that have been inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 (CN02 strain).  At the end of the incubation period, the virus is harvested, inactivated with β-propiolactone (BPL), concentrated, purified, and finally absorbed onto aluminium hydroxide. The aluminium hydroxide complex is then diluted in a sodium chloride, phosphate-buffered saline, and water solution before being sterilised and filtered ready for injection.  Vaccine is prepared in a Good Manufacturing Practice-accredited facility of Sinovac Life Sciences (Beijing, China) that is periodically inspected by the Chinese National Medical Products Administration committee for compliance.  Vaccine of 3 μg in 0·5 mL of aluminium hydroxide diluent per dose in ready-to-use syringes is administered intramuscularly according to the dosing schedule of either day 0 and day 14, or day 0 and day 28, depending on the...

  https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-age.html

 1.  Primary efficacy analysis of the Phase 3 COVE study  Moderna's mRNA-1273 involving 30,000 participants included 196 cases of COVID-19, of which 30 cases were severe Vaccine efficacy against COVID-19 was 94.1%; against severe COVID-19 was 100%. (source: Moderna Nov 30 press release) The primary endpoint of the Phase 3 COVE study is based on the analysis of COVID-19 cases confirmed and adjudicated starting two weeks following the second dose of vaccine.  Vaccine efficacy has been demonstrated at the first interim analysis with a total of 95 cases based on the pre-specified success criterion on efficacy. Today’s primary analysis was based on 196 cases, of which 185 cases of COVID-19 were observed in the placebo group versus 11 cases observed in the mRNA-1273 group, resulting in a point estimate of vaccine efficacy of 94.1%. A secondary endpoint analyzed severe cases of COVID-19 and included 30 severe cases (as defined in the study  protocol ) in this analysis....

Medications used to prevent Stroke 1. Antiplatelet/Anticoagulant (Blood Thinners) 2. Antihypertensives 3. Antiarrhythmics 4. Anticholesterolemia 5. Other medications Class I: Anti-Platelet Medications: Aspirin Aspirin/Dipyridamole (Aggrenox) Clopidogrel (Plavix) Prasugrel (Effient)

Dronabinol 2.5 mg capsules Contraindicated: with Metronidazole and Disulfiram Drug Classes: Antiemitic, Appetite enhancer, Cannabinoid     FDA approved uses: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting HIV/AIDS  - Loss of appetite AIDS - Loss of appetite (Capsule) Initial, 2.5 mg orally twice daily, before lunch and dinner; titration, adjust based on optimal clinical response and tolerance; may increase dosage gradually to 2.5 mg before lunch and 5 mg before dinner, and then to 5 mg twice daily as tolerated; MAX, 20 mg/day in divided doses    Chemotherapy-induced vomiting, In patients with inadequate response to commonly used antiemetic treatments (Capsule) Initial, 5 mg/m(2) orally 1 to 3 hours prior to chemotherapy, then 5 mg/m(2) every 2 to 4 hours after chemotherapy for a total of 4 to 6 doses/day; titration, adjust dosage based on response and tolerance; may increase dose in increments of 2.5 mg/m(2); MAX, 15 mg/m(2)/dose Side effects: Serious Immunological hy...

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) usually occurs in individuals with chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension. It can also occur in younger, predominantly male, individuals  without preexisting chronic conditions. Genetic immunodeficiencies may predispose to severe disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Study:    The 4 male patients had a mean age of 26 years (range, 21-32), with no history of major chronic disease.  Hospitalization with COVID-19:  The mean duration of ventilatory support was 10 days (range, 9-11); the mean duration of ICU stay was 13 days (range, 10-16).  Mortality: One patient died out of 4 men. Genetic features:  Rapid clinical whole-exome sequencing of the patients and segregation in available family members identified loss-of-function variants of the X-chromosomal  TLR7.  Loss-of-function of  TLR7 leads to  lack of type I and II IFN (interferon) respo...